Carbureting lamp



(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet 2. J. E. DERY.

. OARBURETING LAMP.

No. 334,851. Patented Jan. 26, 1886.

N, PETERS. PholvUlhogmphur. wnhinglun, I10.

3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

J. E. DERY.

GARBURETING LAMP.

J/fiadi 519.3%.

N, PETERS. Phulo-Lilhogrzphes, Washington, D. c.

UNITED STATES Parnnr tribe.

JULES E. DERY, on BRUSSELS, BELGIUM.

CARBURETING LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 33%,851, dated January 216, 1886.

App-Nation filed September 24, 1885. Serial No. 178,047. (No model.) Patented in Belgium July 15, 1884, No. 65,668; in England July 28, 1884, No. 10,675, and in France November 4,1884, No. 162,851.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, .TULEs' E. DERY, a citizen of the Kingdom of Belgium, residing at Brussels, in Belgium, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureting Lamps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art towhich it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the ac companying drawings, and to letters or figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of illuminating devices in which the burner is inclosed in a housing, such as street, railway, and other lamps in which gas is employed as the illuminating agent.

The invention consists in the combination, with the burner, of a carburetor, through which the gaseous illuminating agent is caused to pass, and in which said gas is carbureted or enriched to increase'its illuminating-power, so

that a gas poor in carbon or a non-luminous gas may be employed.

The invention further consists in the comi bination, with the burner and the carburetor,

of means whereby the gaseous illuminating agent may be diverted from the carburetor and fed directly to the burner, where the gaseous illuminating agent employed is sufficiently rich in carbon.

Lastly, the invention consists in certain details of construction, substantially as hereinafter described, and as shown in the accompa nying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical transverse section of that class of lamps usually employed in Europe for lighting railway-cars. Fig. 2 is an under side plan View thereof, the glass globe being shown in section. Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse section of a form of the lamp shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the carburetor being arranged on the outside thereof. Fig. 4 is a vertical sect-ion of Fig. 3 on line C D. Figs. 5 and 7 are vertical sections of a street-lamp and a hanging lamp, respectively. Figs. 6 and 8 are sections taken on lines A O and A O of Figs. 5 and 7, respectively.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2,.the lamp shown is in its general construction the same as those on the European railways to light the compartments of the railway-carriages, said lamps being secured in an opening in the roof of said carriages.

H indicates a vessel or reservoir, of cylindrical or otherform, which I term the carbu retor. The carburetor H is provided with a flange, h, which is seated on a supporting flange or on the horizontal ledge of an anglebracket, 7L2, attached to the body of the lamp. To the bottom of the carburetor is secured the usual reflector, R, which is of such diameter as to completely hide the carburetor from view, and by means of which the light from burner G, placed at a suitable distance below the reflector, is reflected downwardly into the compartment or compartments of the car-V riage. The flange or ledge It has a series of openings or air-ports, 713, to give free access of air to the burner O, and the lower end of the lamp is closed by means of the usual transparent or translucent globe, P.

The carburetor H has an axial opening which serves as a chimney for the products of com bustion, which pass through said openings into and out of the upper portion of the lamp through the usual air-ports. The heat of the flame and of the products of combustion passing through the axial opening h heat the carburetor and volatilize the carbureting agent employed. 1

When the burner orseries of burners generate a great deal of heat,or more heat than is necessary for the proper volatilization of the carbureting agent, I apply within the axial opening h a chimney, L, secured either to the bottom of carburetor H or preferably seated =or fitted on an annular flange, 7', formed around the axial opening of the reflector, as shown in Fig. 1. This chimney L is of less diameter than the opening h of the carburetor H, so as to leave an air-space between the chimney and the walls of the carburetor, the carbureting agent being volatilized by the heat radiated from the chimney L. The capacity of the carburetor will vary according to the consumption of the gas at the burner and according to the length of time the lamp may be in use. It has two openings, 0 0, closed by means of screw-caps b b, through which openings the carbureting agent is introduced. Any suitable carbureting agent may be employed, either in a liquid or solid form, and in practice I prefer the latter.

The carburetor H is further provided with a gas-inlet and gas-outlet orifice, B and C, respectively. To the former is connected the gas-supply main or abranch thereof by means of a pipe, A, said gas passing through asuitable regulator or moderator, m, interposed in said pipe A, and adjusted to the consumption of gas at the burner O, as usual. The gas passing through the carburetor is enriched or charged with carbon and passes out at 0 into a pipe, 0 0', connected with the outlet-orifice to the burner C. It will be observed that the pipe 0 penetrates into the chimney L, and is therein connected to pipe 0 that carries the burner, so that the carbureted gas before it reaches the burner is thoroughly heated, thus insur ng complete combustion of the said gas and increasing its illuminating-power. The gas-main A or branch thereof and the regulator m are connected together and to pipe A by means of screw-couplings S and S, so that the carburetor may be readily disconnected from the supply pipe and withdrawn from the lamp by first removing the top or cap M thereof, eitherfor purpose of filling the carburetor or for cleansing the lamp, or both. The lower end of the lamp is closed, as usual,

by means of a transparent or translucent bottom, P.

When such lamps are in daily use, to avoid the uncoupling of the carburetor from the gasmain and the withdrawal of the former from the lamp I hinge the bottom at V to the body of the lamp, a locking-arm, at, having a perforated head, a, being secured to said bottom; and a hooked latch, t, pivoted in a suitablerecess or opening formed in or attached to the roof of the carriage, engages the perforated. head a of said arm a. The hook it has a squared projection, t, projecting from the recess or housing into a key-hole for the reception of a key, T, by means of which the hook is manipulated to lock or unlock the bottom P, so that the lamp cannot be tampered with by the passengers. A gasket, 9, of rubber or leather, interposed between the glass button and the bottom of the lamp, forms atight joint between the two, as plainly shown in Fig. 1. By means-of this arrangement the glass button P and burner C may be readily cleaned when required.

The carburetor instead of being arranged within the lamp may be arranged on the outside thereof, as shown in Figs 3 and 4, in which the carburetor encircles an elliptic reflector, R, a convex reflector, S S", being arranged in the cap M of the lamp, by means of which and the reflector R the light is thrown down into the compartment or compartments of the carriage. When so arranged, the lamp may be made in a more compact form, thecarburetor being located on that portion of the reflector which projects above the roof of the car, and the glass bottom of such lamp may then be made flat and brought flush with the roof on the inside of the railway-carriage, as shown.

L is the chimney,which in the construction described forms part of the reflector 8*. In view of the great diameter ofthe fixed portion or reflector R at its upper end and of the comparatively slight depth of the lamp, the glass bottom P can be readily cleaned, and to further facilitate the cleaning of this glass bottom P or of the reflector R, I connect thegasburner pipes O C by a flexible universaljoint, as at 0, Figs. 3 and 4, so that the said pipe 0 may be readily swung up and out of the way when the cap M is swung off and the reflectors Rand S S have been removed. As shown, the reflector R is seated on a seat-ring, R, and the reflector S on a flange, m, formed in the cap M. the latter reflector swinging off the lamp with said cap; or said reflector may be detachably connected with the cap M.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I have shown a construc tion of street lamp in which the cap M is hinged at c to the body of the lamp, the flanges h of the carburetor H being seated upon corresponding flanges,h ,proj ecting from the body of the lamp at or near its point of junction with the cap M. The gas-main A is connected to the feed-pipe A by means of the regulator m, and enters the carburetor at B, from which it escapes through pipes C O to the burner or burners 0, said pipes C C passing through the chimney L, arranged within the axial opening h of the carburetor H, as described with reference to Figs 1 and 2.

The lamp shown in Figs. 5 and 6 has four burners, though agreater or less number may be employed. I

R is the reflector,arranged below the carburetor and resting on brackets L L.

In Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown a suspended lamp, the cap M of which is integral with the body of the lamp, and to gain access to the 'interior thereof or to the orifices 0 0 of the carburetor I provide in said cap two or more doors, P P. carburetor H by a feedpipe, A, that penetrates into the cap of the lamp.

It will be observed that in each of the constructions described in reference to Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 the gas or gaseous mixture is heated before reaching the burner, thereby not only promoting. the combustion, but increasing the illuminating-power of the il1uminating agent.

Under some circumstances or with some certain illuminating agents, it may be-found desirable either to cut out or dispense with the IOO The gasin this case is fed to the v carburetor altogether or supply the burner with a carbureted and non-carbureted illuminating agent. of the following connections, which I have shown in dotted lines in the drawings, to avoid confusion: The feed-pipe A and the burnerpipe 0 are each provided at a point near their connection with the carburetor with a stopcock, and 1", respectively, said cocks hav- This I accomplish by means ing handles 11 and (1'', respectively, for opening and closing the same, which handles may, if desired, be made of sufficient length to ex tend through and out ofthe lamp, so as to adapt the stop-cocks v and v to be manipulated from without, as shown in Figs. 6 and 8.

D is a pipe that connects the pipes A and O at points beyond the stop-cocks r and r and said pipe D has also a stop-cock, r, the handle d of which may alsobe extended to the outside of the lamp, for purposes stated. It is obvious that by opening the stop-cock r, and closing the stop cocks r and r the gas coming from supply-main A and branch A V will pass through pipe D directly to the burner without passing through the carburetor H, and that by closing stop-cock r and opening those 0" and 0 said gas will pass through the carburetor, and thence to the burner, and, finally, by opening all the stop-cocks r rr a portion of the gas will pass through the carburetor and another portion through pipe D, and become mixed with the carbureted gas in pipe C on its way to the burner. In this mani ner I provide a simple means whereby the de gree of carburation of a gaseous illuminating agent may be readily regulated to increase its illuminating-power, or whereby an illuminating agent containing sufficient carbon may be employed, or whereby a non-luminous gas may be mixed with sufiicient carbon to con vert the same into an illuminating gas, as desired, or as circumstances may require.

1 have hereinbefore stated that I prefer to use a solid carbureting agent. Any suitable substance maybe employed for this purpose such, for instance, as naphthaline sublimated into a powder, or any other equivalent sub stance, and, if desired, a liquid substance such as hydrocarbonmay be employed.-

In the above description I have illustrated my invention as applied to railroad, street, and suspended lamps. It is obvious, however, that the said invention may, with slight modifications, be applied to other forms of lamps and to lanterns, and that the carburetor H may be employed as a gas-generator and supplied with a fluid hydrocarbon.

I am aware that the combination with alamp or analogous illuminating device of a carburetor for carbureting the illuminating agent is not new. I am also aware that a carburetor having an axial opening or passage, and a burner connected with the carburetor and supported below said axial opening, and in combination therewith a reflector and means for conducting the illuminating agent either through the carburetor or directlyto the burner are not new, and Idonotdesire to claim these, broadly.

Having now described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patcut, is-

I. In a lamp or other illuminating device, the combination, with the body of such de vice and the detachable top or cap thereof, of a carburetor detachably seated within said body, a gassupply pipe detachably connected with the carburetor, a burner, and a pipe connecting the burner with the carburetor, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a lamp or other illuminating device, the combination, with. the body of such device and the detachable top or cap thereof, of a carburetor loosely seated within the said body, a gassupply pipe detachably connected with the carburetor, and a reflector and a burner rigidly connected with said carburetor, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In a lamp, the combination, substantially as described, with the body thereof, a carburetor loosely seated therein, a burner-pipe supported therefrom, and a gassupply pipe detachabl y connected with said carburetor, of connections interposed between the bnrnerpipe and the pipe connecting the curburetor with the gas-supply pipe, and suitable stopcocks for conducting the illuminating agent either through the carburetor or directly to the burner, and whereby the carburetor, burnerpipe, and said connections are made removable from the body of the lamp, for the purpose specified.

4. In a lamp, the combination, substantially as described, with the body or inclosing casing, a carburetor loosely seated therein and having an axial opening, and agas-supply pipe detachably connected with the carburetor, of a reflector connected with the carburetor below its axial opening, and a burner-pipe supported from the carburetor and extending through said axial opening to support the burner below the reflector, for the purpose specified.

5. In a lamp, the combination, with the body or inclosing casing, a carburetor having an axial opening, a gas-supply pipe connected therewith, and a reflector arranged below the carburetor, and provided with a coinciding axial opening, of a burner located below the reflector, and a pipe connecting said burner with the carburetor and extending through the axial openings of the reflector and carburetor, for the purpose specified.

6. In a lamp, the combination of the body or inclosing casing, a carburetor having an axial opening, a gas-supply pipe connected with the burner, and a chimney or draft-flue arranged in said axial opening, with a burner and a pipe connecting the burner with the carburetor, extending through and supporting the burner below said chimney or draftflue, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

7. In a lamp, the combination of the body or inclosing casing, aca-rburetor having an axial opening, a gas'supply pipe connected with the carburetor, and achimney arranged within and of less diameter than said opening, to leave an air-space around said chimney, of a burner and a pipe extending through the draft-flue or chimney, connecting the burner with the carburetor, and supporting the said burner below the said chimney, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

8. In a lamp, the combination of the body or inclosing casing, a carburetor, a gas-supply pipe connected therewith, a reflector supported below the same,both having axial openings, and a chimney arranged within the axial open ing of the carburetor and surrounding the axial opening of the reflector, with a burner and a pipe extending through the chimney, connecting the burner with the carburetor,and supporting said burner below the axial opening of the reflector, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In a lamp, the combination of the body or inclosing casing, a carburetor, a gas-supply pipe connected therewith,a reflector supported below the same, both having axial openings, and a chimney of less diameter than and arranged within the axial-opening of the carburetor and surrounding the like opening of the reflector, with a burner and a pipe extending through the chimney and reflector, connecting the burner with the carburetor, and supporting said burner below the chimney and reflector, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

10. In a lamp, the combination, with the body thereof, a carburetor arranged within the same, a burner, and a pipe for "connecting the burner with the carburetor and supporting the burner below said carburetor, and a reflector connected with the carburetor, of a transparent or translucent bottom hinged to the body of said lamp, and a lock consisting of the slotted arm a and the locking-lever t, for locking said bottom in position to close the lamp, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JULES E. DERY.

Witnesses:

HENRI BAELOT, 1?. LABASQUE. 

